Wednesday, October 12, 2022

Hiking for the Young at Heart * - Cleveland Metroparks

The days are hot now so we'll pass through the cooler climate of Deer Lick Cave as we travel the trails. Water and sturdy shoes are recommended. * Also see event listing on Cleveland Metroparks Facebook.
Cleveland Metroparks staff can adapt many programs to be accessible to anyone who would like to participate assuming they meet the essential eligibility criteria. Reasonable accommodation can also be made. Please make a request at the time of registration but no later than 72 business hours prior to the program. Contact us at 440.526.1012 or brecksvillenc@clevelandmetroparks.com or at these telephone numbers.
Let the kids get a little dirty and a little wet while they explore all that Brecksville...
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Come explore the streams, discover the waterfalls, and investigate life within the water. We'll...
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The Tinker’s Creek Gorge is filled with hidden waterfalls, interesting wildlife and the remnants...
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Tuesday, October 11, 2022

In Praise of Lazy Landscaping – Garden & Gun - Garden & Gun


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Gardens
Five good excuses to spend your Saturday doing something other than yard work
By Elizabeth Florio
August 19, 2022
photo: Virginie Drujon-Kippelen
Got a lawn full of clover? You’re doing it right. Put off mowing? Well done, you. “Less is more” is the mantra of Brandy Hall, the founder of Atlanta’s Shades of Green Permaculture, which builds regenerative landscapes for homes, businesses, farms, and schools. Part of a new guard of landscape designers, Hall is keenly aware of the environmental downsides of conventional practices: gas-powered lawn equipment and synthetic fertilizer that drive climate change; herbicides, pesticides, and fungicides that deplete soil microbes, harm pollinators, and pollute waterways.
But while some sustainability proponents demonize turfgrass and the general ideal of a manicured yard, Hall understands the desire for a patch of well-tended greenspace. “There is something to be said about the visual organization and serenity an open space can invoke,” she says. “How do we do that in a way that’s not causing harm?”
Hall shares five ways to reduce such harm on and around your lawn, and great news, they all involve doing less.

1. Embrace a weedy lawn (it’ll be okay) 
Rare is the plot of land that caters to a single type of grass. (If yours is perfectly flat with uniform sunlight and zero tree roots, you probably don’t live in the South.) Follow Hall’s advice—and the path of least resistance—and cultivate a mixed-species lawn. “If you look to nature, you’ll rarely find a single-species anything, even a stand of trees,” she says. “Diversity is key to a happy ecosystem.”
To preserve a sense of lawn-ness, Hall suggests seeding with fescue (an evergreen perennial grass; she likes Pearl’s Premium) and allowing weeds to fill in gaps. “In an area that’s a little more moist and shady, you might have clover doing well, and in the dry part of the yard maybe it’s the fescue mix, but in both cases you have something green and alive,” she says.
If your inner Augusta National admirer is struggling to get on board, try rebranding weeds as “friends with benefits.” Hall ticks off the perks of three common Southern lawn intruders: Clover is a nitrogen fixer, which means it extracts nitrogen from the air to the benefit of surrounding plants, while dandelion and broadleaf plantain are “dynamic accumulators” that draw nutrients from deep in the soil and redistribute them. (In folk medicine, dandelion is also a liver tonic, while crushed plantain soothes insect stings; chew up a leaf and put it on the spot for a quick salve—and cookout party trick.)



2. Mow half as often
You already know that overzealous mowing can stress your grass in the heat of a Southern summer. Close-cropped lawns are also generally terrible for the environment. Gas-powered yard equipment accounts for 5 percent of all air pollution in the United States, according to the EPA. When turfgrass is shorter than three inches, Hall notes, about 85 percent of the rain runs off, taxing stormwater systems. (Yet another reason to welcome weeds to bare spots.)
Hall herself only mows once a summer but understands that may be too laissez-faire for some. Her advice: “Let it grow just a little bit. If you mow weekly, switch to biweekly. If you mow biweekly, switch to every three or four weeks. It’s still manicured; it’s not going to flower.”
Then again, if you don’t mind a few flowers in your lawn, the honeybees will thank you. (Small children like them, too.)



3. Keep your leaves 
Of all the landscaping practices Hall finds absurd, bagging leaves—which are full of stored nutrients and minerals—ranks at the top. You know the drill: “Instead of letting them decompose, we use carbon-heavy small-engine blowers to blow them into a big pile, then put them in plastic or plantation-pine-pulp bags and set them on the curb. That then gets hauled to a landfill on a big diesel truck, where it’s just going to turn into methane and cause greenhouse gasses,” she says. “Then you go to the store in spring and buy compost, which is the exact nutrients you hauled off six months ago.” 
Fix the broken loop: Let fallen leaves lie—or rake them to the side, let them decompose, and redistribute them later.



4. Hold off on “deadheading”
Another needless filler of lawn bags, according to Hall, are dead stalks and flowerheads that people tend to prune in the name of tidiness. Never mind the color and texture possibilities of dried vegetation; dead things have utility beyond aesthetics. “If we leave seed heads, that becomes forage for different types of songbirds,” she says. “Standing dead parts of a plant become a habitat in the winter for beneficial insects.”



5. Let it bloom where it’s not planted
People feel compelled to keep plants in the exact spot they were planted, Hall says—“‘Oh, it’s taking over this. It’s popping up over there.’” Perennial plants, in particular, tend to travel, especially those with runners such as black-eyed Susan, mountain mint, and strawberries. She recommends creating structure through plants like compact evergreens and bunching grasses, then letting nature take its course. “The product is plants that are thriving,” she says. And a lot more free time.
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Bayer's agriculture unit, consumer health drive outlook hike - Reuters

The logo of Bayer AG is pictured on the facade of the historical headquarters of the German pharmaceutical and chemical maker in Leverkusen, Germany, April 27, 2020. REUTERS/Wolfgang Rattay
FRANKFURT, Aug 4 (Reuters) - Agriculture and pharmaceuticals company Bayer (BAYGn.DE) on Thursday lifted its 2022 earnings guidance on strong demand from farmers for its seeds and crop chemicals and higher sales of consumer health products.
Bayer is now targeting earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA), adjusted for special items, of about 13 billion euros ($13.21 billion), based on June 30 foreign exchange rates, where it had previously predicted about 12 billion euros, it said in a statement.
Bayer, which has been hit by litigation costs over claims that a weedkiller it acquired under its Monsanto takeover causes cancer, said that second-quarter adjusted EBITDA jumped 30% to 3.35 billion euros, above an average analyst estimate of 3.28 billion euros posted on the company's website.
Prices of agricultural commodities, such as corn and soy have surged globally after Russia's invasion of Ukraine disrupted farming and grain transport there, prompting farmers elsewhere to use more chemicals and seeds to boost output.
The crop science division, which generated the bulk of Bayer's earnings during the first half of the year, saw adjusted EBITDA surge by more than 70% to 1.75 billion euros in the second quarter, beating a market consensus of 1.56 billion euros.
By contrast, a litigation settlement and write-downs resulted in a net loss of almost 300 million euros for the quarter, where analysts had projected a net profit of about 1.5 billion, hit by special charges of 2.1 billion euros.
That included 694 million euros set aside for an expected settlement with the State of Oregon over waste water contaminated with PCB, a chemical Monsanto produced up until 1977.
Other charges included restructuring measures and write-downs on certain assets due to a strong rise in interest rates.
($1 = 0.9842 euros)
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Monday, October 10, 2022

Scientists show how electronic medical records may be used to learn more about Alzheimer's disease - National Institute on Aging

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Alzheimer's DiseaseClinical ResearchDemography
By searching thousands of electronic medical records, a team of NIA-funded researchers may have discovered key differences in pathology and clinical characteristics between men and women with Alzheimer’s disease, and also between individuals with and without this disease. The study, published in Nature Communications, demonstrates the potential of a “big data” approach involving advanced computer algorithms.
Electronic medical records are generated during visits to health professionals and contain patient clinical data, including details such as age, medical history, medications, and results from labs and diagnostic tests. Before these records are viewed by researchers, all patient data is de-identified — a process that removes any information that could identify a patient. Investigating Alzheimer’s by using data from these records can provide information about the disease’s complexity and identify associations and sex-specific differences in diagnoses, medications, and laboratory test results. The research team — from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; and University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis — used a big data approach known as integrative deep phenotyping to help map out and analyze the electronic medical records of 44,288 people. 
Alzheimer’s is a complex condition that may be linked to several traits, risk factors, and other disorders. However, assessing the validity of these connections has been difficult. For instance, while it is known that twice as many women develop Alzheimer’s as men, attempts to determine exactly why have produced mixed results. In this study, the researchers tapped into the wealth of information provided by electronic medical records. This enabled them to search for connections in a systematic and scientifically unbiased manner.
To do this, the researchers first fed an advanced data-mapping computer algorithm all the diagnosis information from the UCSF electronic medical record data set. The algorithm then displayed patient data as clusters on a graph with similar patients’ data falling closer together. Remarkably, data from people with Alzheimer’s showed a different pattern of clustering than those without the disease. Similar results were seen when they used data from Mount Sinai’s electronic medical records. The results supported and validated the idea that this big data approach could be used to visualize and detect disease connections.
Next, the researchers used a different algorithm to search for connections between co-occurrence of different medical conditions, prescribed medications, and lab tests. Using this approach, they found several differences in data from people with Alzheimer’s. For example, in agreement with previous studies, people with Alzheimer’s were more likely than others to be diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anemia, vascular pathology, osteoporosis, or urinary tract infections. Researchers also found differences between men and women with Alzheimer’s. Namely, men appeared more likely to be diagnosed with neurological, sensory, and behavioral disorders. In contrast, women had more frequent diagnoses of arthritis, bone fractures, atrial fibrillations, and accidents.
Overall, the results support the idea that studying electronic medical records may not only help scientists assess patterns and validity of Alzheimer’s associations but also discover new ones. Ultimately, this may help researchers gain a clearer picture of the forces behind this very complex disease.
This research was supported in part by NIA grants R01AG060393, R01AG057683, RF1AG068325, and RF1AG059319.
These activities relate to NIH’s Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias Research Implementation Milestones:
Reference: Tang AS, et al. Deep phenotyping of Alzheimer’s disease leveraging electronic medical records identifies sex-specific clinical associations. Nature Communications. 2022;13(1):675. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28273-0.
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Skipping Breakfast Can Affect Your Child's Health - Healthline

Intermittent fasters may want to re-think the idea of skipping breakfast. Or at least make sure their children don’t.
New research published today says eating breakfast not only provides physical benefits but psychosocial ones as well for teens.
In the study, researchers say that not only is breakfast itself important to teens, so is what they eat and where they eat it.
“Skipping breakfast or eating breakfast away from home is associated with increased likelihood of psychosocial behavioral problems in children and adolescents,” said José Francisco López-Gil, PhD, the study’s first author and a professor at the University of Castilla-La Mancha in Cuenca, Spain.
The researchers also say certain foods and drinks are associated with higher or lower odds of psychosocial behavioral problems.
López-Gil and his team looked at data from the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey, including questions concerning breakfast habits and children’s psychosocial health, self-esteem, mood, and anxiety. Questions were answered by parents or guardians of 3,772 Spanish children between the ages of 4 and 14.
Researchers reported that eating breakfast away from home was nearly as detrimental as skipping breakfast entirely, which the team attributed to meals away from home being less nutritious.
They also found that coffee, milk, tea, chocolate, cocoa, yogurt, bread, toast, cereals, and pastries were all associated with lower chances of behavioral problems. Eggs, cheese, and ham were linked with higher risks of such issues.
The team said the availability of nutritious breakfasts at schools would likely influence the results, as would social and family support that comes during breakfast at home.
“Our findings reinforce the need to promote not only breakfast as part of a healthy lifestyle routine but also that it should be eaten at home,” López-Gil said. “Also, to prevent psychosocial health problems, a breakfast that includes dairy and/or cereals, and minimizes certain animal foods high in saturated fat/cholesterol, could help to decrease psychosocial health problems in young people.”
Katie Tomaschko, a registered dietitian nutritionist in Buffalo, New York, told Healthline that eating at home likely means healthier choices.
“More importantly, they can spend some bonding time with their family and check in before their day. This provides structure and routine and lays the foundation for healthier habits – and that is so important for growing kids and teens,” Tomaschko said.
“After sleeping all night, our bodies are dehydrated and not running on any energy provided by food,” she explained. “Skipping breakfast leads to low energy levels when we start our days. When we are feeling low energy, that affects our mood, concentration/focus, and cognitive function. Mindfully eating your breakfast is also a good psychological way to check in with yourself and prepare for your day.”
Tomaschko was skeptical, however, that eating breakfast away from home could be worse than eating nothing at all.
“But this could be that breakfast not only fuels the body but also the mind and emotional status – and having breakfast at home can kind of act like a support system to start your day,” Tomaschko said. “When kids eat away from home, they are more likely to be distracted while they eat and may be missing out on the benefits of the important social bonds that come along with sitting down and having a meal with loved ones. Food can create a bonding experience, not just fuel your body. They’re also more likely to eat more ultra-processed food (like not-so-healthy ‘grab and go’ foods). But I would still say having breakfast (anywhere) is better than no breakfast.”
Chris Tompkins, an associate psychologist with online education company Theara, told Healthline eating in a calm, safe environment can be helpful in promoting mindful eating.
“Mindful eating allows us to tune into our body’s natural hunger and fullness signals, and to appreciate and enjoy eating,” Tompkins said. “Eating more slowly and consciously aids digestion and promotes satisfaction, and being in the home environment can support this. Eating in an environment where a person feels stressed, hurried, or self-conscious, often has a detrimental impact on their eating experience, digestion, and wellbeing.”
Tompkins said low blood sugar after hours of sleeping causes “tiredness, irritability, and low mood, so from a mental health perspective it’s important to address this.”
“Teens are especially susceptible to body image issues and eating disorders,” he added. “They are under increasing pressure to look a certain way, and unrealistic body standards are being perpetuated by advertising and social media. Eating a nutritious breakfast together can help to mitigate the impact of this.”
Brandi Garza, a licensed counselor with Mindpath Health, told Healthline she saw the difference as a school counselor, asking children if they ate breakfast.
“More than half of the time the person in the chair would shrug their shoulders and shake their head no,” Garza said. “Before we progressed, I asked them if they would pick a snack and some water out of a bin in my office. When children, colleagues, or even parents visiting were emotionally dysregulated, a biological check specific to food was a great start.”
And parents being present to monitor what children eat is important, she said.
“Ask any teacher what their adolescent scholars are showing up with as ‘breakfast,’ and you will hear things like energy drinks, sodas, Starbucks, or the newest craze of flaming hot something,” Garza said. “For four years I worked at one particular school that offered free breakfast to every student. Despite this offering, most students chose to walk to the local 7-Eleven and buy preferred snacks, high quick energy, and even higher sugar content.”
Christina Meyer-Jax, RDN, nutrition chair and an assistant professor at Northwestern Health Sciences University in Minnesota, suggested parents begin breakfast strategy the night before.
“For example, adding smoothie ingredients into the blender and putting it in the fridge; that way it’s prepared in the morning,” Meyer-Jax told Healthline. “Another example is to eat dinner leftovers for breakfast. Often our dinner meals are perfectly balanced with protein and nutrient-dense high fiber carbs. This is a much better choice than sugary cereal, pastries, or sweet granola bars.”
And for children who say they’re not hungry?
“One of the reasons people say they aren’t hungry in the morning is due to hunger pains,” Meyer-Jax noted. “In that situation, eating something small can help ease digestion and slowly fire up metabolic enzymes and hormones.“
“I recommend starting with a glass of water, then a small piece of fruit or cup of berries, thin rice cake with nut butter, string cheese, or a hard-boiled egg for protein,” she added. “For those who regularly drink coffee or tea, it’s perfectly fine to include it as part of your morning routine but adding in the water and small healthy foods helps to keep blood sugar even. Too much caffeine without food can lead to a spike in energy, but then a low blood sugar crash with jitters.”









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